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Saturday, February 21, 2009

THE DANGERS OF SMOG

Sometimes urban authorities issue warning about the form of air pollution known as smog ( a made up word that combines smoke and fog). Though acute smog episodes are rare, they can be deadly Twenty people died and thousands fell ill during a smog alert in Donora, Pennsylvania, in 1948; and more than 4,000 people succumbed to london’s “killer smog” of 1952. Those who died in these dramatic incidents were primarily the very young , the very old, and those with chronic respiratory diseases. But many people in lower-risk categories may have been affected to some extent.

There are actually two types of smog; the London type and Los Angeles type. The London variety, blamed for thousands of deaths in Europe and the eastern United States. Is more correctly termed sulfur-dioxide smog. It is caused by the burning of fossil fuels (primarily coal with high sulfur content); high levels of sulfur dioxide and ozone result, combined with particulate matter and foggy air. Sulfur dioxide smog poses a special threat; it inhibits the sweeping action of the cilia that line our respiratory passages, allowing smog particles and chemicals impair breathing so markedly that people with chronic respiratory problem may die. Impaired breathing can also aggravate heart problems. Reduction of the use of high-sulfur fuels has significantly decreased the occurrence of London-type smoge.

Los Angeles –type smog, more properly called photochemical smog, result from the interaction of sunlight with temperature inversions and exhaust emission from automobiles. This type of smog occurs in areas with poor air circulation (Valleys, for example) , especially those where there in sunny weather and low humidity . In Los Angeles, a layer of cool ocean air may slip in under the normally warm, stable air above the city. This cool air becomes trapped by the warmer air , a phenomenon a called a temperature inversion . Motor vehicle emissionrise through the cool air but can not penetrate the warm layer, which acts like a lid on the Los Angeles basin. Thus p[pollutants are trapped and subjected to the action of sunlight , which produce additional pollutans (such as ozone). The pollutans do not disperse until the weather change and the inversion lifts.

1 Comments:

  • At February 23, 2009 at 4:14 PM , Blogger Paul M. McLaughlin said...

    Paul M. McLaughlin story happened at the same time when the smog hit Donora, Pennsylvania in 1948.

    My URL: http://www.efn.org/~scan
    My Email: scan@efn.org
    Organization: Stop Child Abuse-Save Our Children
    Webpage URL: http://www.efn.org/~scan
    Phone: (541) 344-7244

    Stop Child Abuse NOW! since 1975 from Donora, (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania to Portland, Oregon by a Survivor and his Handicapped.
    http://www.efn.org/~scan
    scan@efn.org

    DONORA, PENNSYLVANIA to PORTLAND, OREGON - 1975
    True Story from Donora, Pennsylvania and Portland, Oregon. One man over a childhood during which he and his twin sister were tormented and severly abused for eighteen years while the older brother and sister was not abused and not seek help. As a precious little boy he came close to death twice but Paul McLaughlin survived, and has been a tireless crusader for the rights of children and against child abuse. "700 Castner Ave." Donora, Pennsylvania

    WARNING
    Paul and Paula abused for over 18 years of their childhood. Large SCARS on Paul's face, scalp, mind and memory. Paul and Paula placed on top of hot stove burner by the mother. Forced fed bars of hand soap and powder soap.. Enema treatment that you do not want to know about. Stand in cornner of a room for long hours. Hit and beaten with a stick without any clothes on. Tied up in the attic and beaten and passed out because of pain. Hands bent backward. Teeth knocked out. Forced to eat food till we vomit and have to eat our vomit. So much abuse that can't be written. Paul almost dead two times since a baby infant. Medical report on web pages.

    PARENTS
    The father was never abused when he was a child. The mother grew up and was also not abuse when she was growing up
    into an adult. However, the mother have a mental mind of a 12 year old child and is consider to be a handicapped. The mother
    abused the twins in the family and not abused the older son and daughter. Paul and Paula was severly abused and they did not
    repeat the same behavior onto any other children, kids, family.

    EDUCATION
    Paul M. McLaughlin graduated from Donora RINGGOLD High school in 1970 at the age of 21 - Special Education and got drafted into the army. Paul's twin sister Paula graduated in 1967 at the age of 18 and moved to McKeesport, Pennsylvania.

    MILITARY and BIRTH
    Paul cheated on written examination to get into the army and away from his abuser. Paul and Paula, born on October 13, 1948 in Donora, Pennsylvania. "700 Castner Ave" - Donora is about a 45 minutes drive from SE of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

    EXAMPLES OF WORKS FOR ABUSED CHILDREN
    Paul began his life's work in his home town in Donora, Pennsylvania. He speak out on talk radio, open forums, symposium, a television commercial. Advertising on awareness of child abuse, newspaper and magazine articles. Volunteer his time with other nonprofit organization on fund raising for the homeless, hungry, crippled children, cancer, United Way, Child Abuse, etc.

    COMPUTER and HIS WIFE
    Today, (2009) Paul M. McLaughlin and his wife Liz SEVEN McLaughlin now live in Eugene, Oregon where they continue to fight for the right of children everywhere from fear and abuse. Paul on computer since 1994 to educate people on the topic of child abuse.
    298 Hunington Ave *** Eugene, Oregon 97405-4055

    PAUL'S TWIN SISTER PASSED AWAY.
    As of August 27, 2007 Paul's twin sister Paula, passed away from having kidney stones since the age of 21 in McKeesport, Pennsylvania. See photos of web pages for Paul and Paula's of childhood and Paul's works of helping abused children since 1975

    YEAR 2047:
    The Paul M. McLaughlin story will be told again in the year 2047. Paul's story, audio tape, newspapers, will be told again in
    Eugene, Oregon. SEE WEB PAGE PHOTOS OF THIS TIME CAPSULE

    Paul taken ill with epilepsy for over 15 years. In 1999, Paul taken ill with Multiple Scerlosis. Had to learn to walk, speaking, vision in bad way and other ugly illness that goes with MS.

    You will not see this in your community. http://www.efn.org/~scan scan@efn.org

    Paul M. McLaughlin
    Liz SEVEN McLaughlin
    Stop Child Abuse
    298 Hunington
    Eugene, Oregon 97405

     

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